Key points of rice planting technology

In the process of traditional rice planting, pesticides and chemical fertilizers are widely used to increase production. However, the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers will not only have an adverse impact on the ecological environment, but also affect the quality of rice. As people's demand for green video increases year by year, rice planting technology needs to be continuously optimized to achieve the goal of reducing the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers, improving rice yield and quality, and promoting the benign development of rice planting industry.

1.Optimizing leaf age planting technology

Leaf age planting technology is based on the law of rice organ elongation, combined with the actual growth process of stem and leaf, take effective measures, carry out reasonable cultivation and water and fertilizer management, and achieve the purpose of increasing rice yield. Optimizing the planting technology of rice leaf age can reduce the production cost and improve the growth index of rice under the existing technical system, so as to achieve the ultimate goal of improving the planting efficiency.

Observe leaf age

The first measure to optimize leaf age planting technology is to establish leaf age observation points, select observation points according to rice varieties, stubble and other factors, combined with the differences of various data, and mark leaf age on rice leaves, so as to view leaf growth.

Improve planting techniques

According to the performance of the current planting measures in leaf age, analyze its effect, and improve the measures in combination with the actual production situation of rice, so as to improve the planting income of rice.

Application of field diagnosis technology

Field diagnosis technology is a judgment of the actual growth of rice, which can find the influence of adverse factors on rice growth in time. Under normal circumstances, the growth of rice will be affected by many factors in the natural environment. The rational application of field diagnosis technology can diagnose the critical leaf age, transplanting leaf age, heading stage and jointing stage of rice.

2.Optimization of seedling control, fertilizer control and pest control technology

Optimizing seedling control technology

The main purpose of optimizing rice seedling control technology is to improve rice yield. In the traditional planting process of rice, there are often ineffective division of evils, which not only wastes fertilizer resources, but also affects the population structure of rice, increases the incidence of diseases, pests and lodging, and seriously affects the yield of rice. The main factors affecting the optimization of rice seedling control technology include fertilization time, type and amount of fertilizer. Through the optimization of seedling control technology, the quality of rice seedlings is improved to achieve the purpose of increasing production.

Optimizing fertilizer control technology

Rice fertilizer control technology mainly controls the use of nitrogen fertilizer in rice. In traditional planting, most farmers will fall into the misunderstanding of "the more nitrogen fertilizer, the higher yield". In fact, this concept is wrong. Excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer will not only increase the ineffective tillers of rice, but also increase the incidence of diseases and pests and affect the yield of rice. The optimization of fertilizer control technology is mainly through the scientific and rational use of nitrogen fertilizer, so as to achieve the best utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer. In the early stage of rice growth, a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer was used in combination with rice seedling control technology to deal with the ineffective segregation; In the middle and late stage of rice growth, the use of nitrogen fertilizer should be increased to ensure the needs of rice growth.

Optimizing rice fertilizer control technology can not only improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, reduce the cost of fertilizer, but also achieve the purpose of increasing production, which has a very positive impact on improving the income of rice planting. In addition, side deep fertilization and precision fertilization technology. Compared with traditional fertilization technology, side deep fertilization technology can save fertilizer by 20% ~ 30% and increase yield by 5% ~ 10%. Precision fertilization technology is the further optimization of side deep fertilization technology, which can make the use of fertilizer more targeted.

Optimizing pest control technology

In the process of rice planting, diseases and pests are the factors that have the greatest impact on the yield. Therefore, in order to ensure the yield and quality of rice, the prevention and control of diseases and pests is the focus. In order to effectively reduce the incidence of rice diseases and insect pests, it is necessary to optimize the pest control technology. Scientific and reasonable pest control can improve the disease and insect resistance of rice. In order to improve the resistance of rice, significant results can be obtained by increasing the stem diameter, shortening the length of basal internodes and increasing the length of middle and upper internodes; In order to enhance the lodging resistance of rice, it is also necessary to combine the measures of removing ineffective tillers to effectively control the occurrence of diseases and pests.

3.Optimizing field management technology

The optimization of rice management technology continues the whole growth process from the sowing date, including water management, cultivated land management and seedling technology management.

Optimizing water management technology

When rice enters the young panicle differentiation stage, it is necessary to optimize the irrigation form, adopt intermittent irrigation, establish a shallow water layer, take seedling protection as the basic principle in the early stage of rice growth, and apply fertilizer according to the actual situation of rice. At the heading stage, additional fertilization is required, usually 2kg urea per 0.067hm2 of land. In the process of planting, if transplanting is required, it shall be carried out under the condition of water layer, and ensure that the transplanted rice is a living tree.

Optimizing seedling raising technology

Rice seeds or seedlings with high germination rate shall be selected according to the indexes such as pH, water content and compactness of the land. Before sowing, seeds and rice seedlings need to be treated to increase germination rate and reduce the incidence of diseases and pests. Airing rice seeds can reduce the content of bacteria in seeds and improve the survival rate; Soaking in salt water can improve the growth performance of rice seeds; If the seeds need to be disinfected, they can be soaked and disinfected with quicklime with a concentration of 1.5% ~ 2%.

4.Technological innovation and research

With the rapid development of science and technology, agricultural production should also keep up with the pace of the times and make full use of science and technology to improve the yield and quality of rice. Scientific research institutions and relevant enterprises should strengthen cooperation, study and discuss rice planting technology, improve seedling raising level, and cultivate varieties with strong stress resistance, strong resistance, high yield and high quality. At the same time, promote mechanized planting technology and improve the efficiency of rice planting.